Explain the Fohn wind.
Explain the Fohn wind.
A Fohn wind is a warm dry wind that blows down the lee side of a mountain.
Initially, the air temperature cools dry-adiabatically (3°C/1000 ft), until its dew point temperature is reached. Condensation occurs as the air is further forced up the mountain range, resulting in the air cooling saturated-adiabatically (generally considered in the mid-latitudes to be 1.8°C/1000 ft). Clouds and precipitation form. When the air mass reaches the top of the mountain range it has lost a significant amount of its water content and so has a much lower dew point temperature.
As the air then begins to descend down the lee slope of the mountain the compressed air is initially heated saturated-adiabatically, and in effect the direct reverse to the cooling effect on the windward side occurs. As the air continues leeward and downward from the mountain range, the air, now no longer saturated, is heated dry-adiabatically.
The resultant wind is dry and warm giving clear conditions at airfields on the lee side of the mountain range.
The Foehn Effect also may be associated with mountain wave activity.
What is Point of No Return (PNR)?
What is Point of No Return (PNR)?
The point during a flight at which an aircraft is no longer capable of returning to the airfield from which it took off due to fuel considerations.
Beyond this point the aircraft must proceed to some other destination.
Can VMCG be lower than V1? Explain.
Can VMCG be lower than V1? Explain.
Yes, VMCG has to be equal to or less than V1 to ensure the aircraft could maintain runway heading having suffered an engine failure at or above V1 when the aircraft is committed to takeoff.
What is the typical range of an NDB?
What is the typical range of an NDB?
Average range over land 20 - 25 miles.
Range for an NDB can be calculated with:
2√power output in Watts = Range (Land) 3√ power output in Watts = Range (Water)
What are the effects on the human body in case of depressurisation?
What are the effects on the human body in case of depressurisation?
Hypoxia, a lack of oxygen to tissues of the body due to low partial pressure at altitude.
Symptoms are: blue lips, apparent personality change, impaired judgement, muscular impairment, short term memory loss, sensory loss, hyperventilation, unconsciousness.
Other possible effects:
-
Baurotrauma
-
Lung damage
If you are at the locator, on glide-scope, on localiser, but your altimeter is reading 500ft high what could be the cause of this?
If you are at the locator, on glide-scope, on localiser, but your altimeter is reading 500ft high what could be the cause of this?
False glide slope.
What do you need to descend from MDA on a non-precision approach?
What do you need to descend from MDA on a non-precision approach?
You will need to have a clearance, to be stable and visual.
On A high wing anhedral airplane, like a BAE146, and a high wing straight winged aircraft like a Fokker 50, why they don’t have dihedral wings if it has so many advantages?
On A high wing anhedral airplane, like a BAE146, and a high wing straight winged aircraft like a Fokker 50, why they don’t have dihedral wings if it has so many advantages?
A high wing location like the BAE and the Fokker give a natural stable contribution.
This is because the Center of Gravity is underneath the wing, therefore when disturbed the C.G. provides a positive momentum opposite to the distortion.
What frequency range and band is an NDB in?
What frequency range and band is an NDB in?
Frequency range from 200-1750kHz, medium and low range frequency bands.
You are flying at FL350 and the temperature reads -30°C, is the aircraft at its optimum temperature?
You are flying at FL350 and the temperature reads -30°C, is the aircraft at its optimum temperature?
No because it is warmer, according to ISA temperature should be -55°C